What is EDR?
EDR is also known as the "black box" of the automobile industry. It is a device or system composed of one or more on-board electronic modules, which has the function of monitoring, collecting and recording the data of the vehicle and occupant protection system before, during and after the collision event. It can effectively restore the real state before and after the accident, and avoid the problem of unclear responsibility of relevant parties after the accident.
Photo source: Equipment Industry Development Center, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology
According to the EDR standard, the data elements recorded by the EDR module are classified into class A and Class B:
Class A data elements -- 17 data should be recorded for vehicles equipped with EDR system, including longitudinal delta-V, maximum recorded longitudinal delta-V, time to reach longitudinal maximum delta-V, vehicle speed, service brake state, driver's seat belt state, accelerator pedal position, etc.
B-level data elements -- relevant data that should be recorded when a vehicle equipped with EDR system is equipped with relevant devices or functions, including longitudinal acceleration, lateral acceleration, brake pedal position, parking system status, automatic emergency braking (AEB) system status, airbag status, etc.
According to the arrangement, in the first phase, which will begin on January 1, 2022, newly applied models will be required to record and read Class A data elements; In the second phase, to be implemented from 1 January 2024, new cars should be able to record and read Class A+B data elements.
The first year of China Passenger Car EDR
EDR is now more popular overseas. For example, the United States established EDR related standards as early as 2006. In 2019, 99% of the new cars launched in the United States were equipped with EDRs. South Korea has also required mandatory installation of vehicles (including stock cars) since December 2015; In Europe, it will be mandatory for all new cars from March 2022 and for stock cars from March 2024. However, in China, according to the data of high-tech industry research, only 1,357,100 new cars will be equipped with EDR devices in 2020, with a market penetration rate of 7.12%.
However, this number is expected to change as 2022 becomes the first year of mandatory EDR installation, and demand for EDR devices is expected to explode.
China's passenger car market is expected to reach 23 million units this year, with a growth rate of 8 percent, according to the China Association of Automobile Manufacturers' forecast for the passenger car market in 2022. Founder Securities research report shows that at present, the ASP of the whole functional module of EDR is estimated to be about 300~400 yuan. If the incremental EDR equipment is estimated to be about 80%, China's incremental EDR market will reach 5.5-7.4 billion yuan next year (excluding the value of EDR data extraction tools).
Huaxi Securities estimates that the passenger car market has basically stabilized at about 20 million units in the past five years. Assuming that with the rapid popularity of EDR, the price of equipment has declined significantly, the price is expected to stabilize at about 500 yuan, and the market space of EDR equipment is conservatively estimated at about 10 billion yuan.
A complete EDR system consists of collision sensor, data control storage unit, data extraction tool, data analysis software and other parts. The control storage unit is the core of the EDR system, which is connected to the vehicle bus network through the CAN bus. When the conditions are met, the recording and storage of vehicle state and driver operation and other information are realized, and the connection and data extraction of extraction tools are supported. However, all kinds of traffic recorders on the market only record video information and GPS data, which cannot record the running state of vehicles.
As a data storage function module in case of accident, EDR can be integrated in ACM(airbag control module), SDM(airbag sensing and diagnosis module), ROS(rolled-over sensor), PCM(drive system module) and other modules in passenger cars. When a car has a traffic accident, the EDR is responsible for recording vehicle speed, acceleration, ABS state, airbag state, gear, vehicle braking state and time and other driving information related to the vehicle's active and passive safety system.
The upstream EDR industry chain is mainly composed of parts suppliers including data processing and memory chip modules, sensor modules and power management module suppliers. Foreign suppliers of vehicle gauge data processing chip companies include Infineon, NXP, Renesas, etc., while domestic suppliers include National Technology, Ruixin Micro, etc. Data storage chip suppliers are mainly Samsung, Junzheng, etc.; Power management module companies include Ming Microelectronics, Huachuang Electronics, etc.
The middle reaches of the industrial chain are mainly EDR product integrators and assemblers, including EDR product design integrators, airbag manufacturers and iot terminal manufacturers. The design integrators of EDR products include Qiming Information, Wedi Stock, Hongquan Wulian, etc. Airbag suppliers include Joyson Electronics and Autoliv; Internet of Vehicles terminal manufacturers include Ruiming Technology, Derun Electronics, etc.
The downstream of the industrial chain is the major Oems.
Image credit: Tesla
The basic elements required in the Chinese EDR standard and the previous foreign EDR standard is roughly the same, the introduction of compulsory installation standards, in addition to help accident analysis, another important reason should be that with the acceleration of the popularity of intelligent vehicles, EDR records a large number of data information, will be able to timely and effective evaluation of the safety system in the actual accident effect, Assist automobile enterprises and safety suppliers to upgrade vehicle safety performance iteratively according to the actual situation, and provide intelligent driving protection at the legal level.
Another blow for electronic chips in cars
Up to now, the self-sufficiency rate of semiconductors in China is about 15%, of which the rate of automotive chips is less than 5%, which is highly commensurate with China's position as the world's largest automobile production and sales market for several consecutive years.
In previous interviews, some industry experts told "International Electronic Business Situation" that the current high barriers in the automotive semiconductor market are not only reflected in product definition, design, technical indicators, systems, specifications, manufacturing processes and other aspects, but also from the user usage, taking automotive MCU as an example, four or five international manufacturers have occupied more than 95% of the market share. This just started domestic MCU, the pressure is undoubtedly huge.
But "it's good to have barriers, and the proof is in the pudding. "With the entry of new energy car makers, their demand for products and innovation is obviously different from that of fuel vehicles. Traditional technical indicators, technical paths, and even architecture may not be able to meet the needs of new car makers, which gives new entrants more opportunities. In other words, they need to respect traditional car specifications, but on the other hand, they need to continuously improve their understanding of the industry and speed up the time to market.
For EDR application, its hardware structure is mainly composed of sensor module, control memory module (MCU) and peripheral circuit module. This means that EDR requires a variety of technologies such as vehicle gauge level high-performance MCU chip, large capacity Flash storage, high-speed ADC, hardware acceleration, security encryption algorithm, CAN transceiver and so on. It is obvious that it will greatly promote related enterprises and products.
Therefore, Founder Securities gives the judgment is that after the implementation of the new regulations, the follow-up new cars will be able to quickly complete the connection to China's national standards. For all links of the industrial chain, it is very important to seize the opportunity to rapidly produce stable and reliable EDR products to occupy the market.
Editor: Elaine